Base10 Base2 Base8 Base16
Decimal Binary Octal Hexadecimal
00b00000o000x0
10b00010o010x1
20b00100o020x2
30b00110o030x3
40b01000o040x4
50b01010o050x5
60b01100o060x6
70b01110o070x7
80b10000o100x8
90b10010o110x9
(10)0b10100o120xA
(11)0b10110o130xB
(12)0b11000o140xC
(13)0b11010o150xD
(14)0b11100o160xE
(15)0b11110o170xF
Base10 Base2 Base8 Base16
Decimal Binary Octal Hexadecimal
0 0b0000 0o00 0x0
1 0b0001 0o01 0x1
2 0b0010 0o02 0x2
3 0b0011 0o03 0x3
4 0b0100 0o04 0x4
5 0b0101 0o05 0x5
6 0b0110 0o06 0x6
7 0b0111 0o07 0x7
8 0b1000 0o10 0x8
9 0b1001 0o11 0x9
(10) 0b1010 0o12 0xA
(11) 0b1011 0o13 0xB
(12) 0b1100 0o14 0xC
(13) 0b1101 0o15 0xD
(14) 0b1110 0o16 0xE
(15) 0b1111 0o17 0xF
00000000 10000000 11000000 11100000 11110000 11111000 11111100 11111110 11111111
0 128 192 224 240 248 252 254 255
00 8 0 C 0 E 0 F 0 F 8 F C F E F F

Calcluate Hosts

Hosts = 2(32 - CIDR) - 2

  1. IPv4 is a 32-bit Address
  2. Classless Internet Domain Routing (CIDR) is the number of Network Bits
  3. Subtract two for the Network & Broadcast Addresses
  4. What is left are the usable Hosts

Example: 192.168.0.0/24

  1. Hosts = 2(32 - 24) - 2
  2. Hosts = 28 - 2
  3. Hoss = 256 - 2
  4. Host = 254

Network Address: 192.168.0.0

Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0

Host Range: 192.168.0.1-254

Broadcast Address: 192.168.0.255

Network & Hosts

CIDR 1st Octet 2nd Octet 3rd Octet 4th Octet Netmask Range Hosts Formula Hosts Count
0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 0.0.0.0 4294967296 2(32 - 0) - 2 4294967294
1 10000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 128.0.0.0 2147483648 2(32 - 1) - 2 2147483646
2 11000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 192.0.0.0 1073741824 2(32 - 2) - 2 1073741822
3 11100000 00000000 00000000 00000000 224.0.0.0 536870912 2(32 - 3) - 2 536870910
4 11110000 00000000 00000000 00000000 240.0.0.0 268435456 2(32 - 4) - 2 268435454
5 11111000 00000000 00000000 00000000 248.0.0.0 134217728 2(32 - 5) - 2 134217726
6 11111100 00000000 00000000 00000000 252.0.0.0 67108864 2(32 - 6) - 2 67108862
7 11111110 00000000 00000000 00000000 254.0.0.0 33554432 2(32 - 7) - 2 33554430
8 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 255.0.0.0 16777216 2(32 - 8) - 2 16777214
9 11111000 00000000 00000000 00000000 255.128.0.0 8388608 2(32 - 9) - 2 8388606
10 11111100 00000000 00000000 00000000 255.192.0.0 4194304 2(32 - 10) - 2 4194302
11 11111110 00000000 00000000 00000000 255.224.0.0 2097152 2(32 - 11) - 2 2097150
12 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 255.240.0.0 1048576 2(32 - 12) - 2 1048574
13 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 255.248.0.0 524288 2(32 - 13) - 2 524286
14 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 255.252.0.0 262144 2(32 - 14) - 2 262142
15 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 255.254.0.0 131072 2(32 - 15) - 2 131070
16 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 255.255.0.0 65536 2(32 - 16) - 2 65534
17 11111111 10000000 00000000 00000000 255.255.128.0 32768 2(32 - 17) - 2 32766
18 11111111 11000000 00000000 00000000 255.255.192.0 16384 2(32 - 18) - 2 16382
19 11111111 11100000 00000000 00000000 255.255.224.0 8192 2(32 - 19) - 2 8190
20 11111111 11110000 00000000 00000000 255.255.240.0 4096 2(32 - 20) - 2 4094
21 11111111 11111000 00000000 00000000 255.255.248.0 2048 2(32 - 21) - 2 2046
22 11111111 11111100 00000000 00000000 255.255.252.0 1024 2(32 - 22) - 2 1022
23 11111111 11111110 00000000 00000000 255.255.254.0 512 2(32 - 23) - 2 510
24 11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000 255.255.255.0 256 2(32 - 24) - 2 254
25 11111111 11111000 00000000 00000000 255.255.255.128 128 2(32 - 25) - 2 126
26 11111111 11111100 00000000 00000000 255.255.255.192 64 2(32 - 26) - 2 62
27 11111111 11111110 00000000 00000000 255.255.255.224 32 2(32 - 27) - 2 30
28 11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000 255.255.255.240 16 2(32 - 28) - 2 14
29 11111111 11111111 10000000 00000000 255.255.255.248 8 2(32 - 29) - 2 6
30 11111111 11111111 11000000 00000000 255.255.255.252 4 2(32 - 30) - 2 2
31 11111111 11111111 11100000 00000000 255.255.255.254 2 2(32 - 31) - 2 0
32 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111111 255.255.255.255 1 2(32 - 32) - 2 -1